Kennel cough, also referred to as canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD) or infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease affecting dogs. Most commonly seen in environments where dogs are in close quarters, such as boarding facilities, dog parks, and groomers, kennel cough spreads swiftly among pets. Dogs exposed to infected animals can develop symptoms within two to 14 days. Characterised by a distinct, hacking cough, kennel cough can be unsettling for pet owners and uncomfortable for dogs, ranging in severity from mild to life-threatening.
Recognising the symptoms early is essential, as prompt treatment may prevent severe complications such as pneumonia. Whether your dog experiences mild discomfort or requires veterinary intervention, knowing about the disease can be crucial in keeping them healthy and protected. The best veterinary clinics in Dubai will ensure that your pet receives the right support and care.
Additional Read: Zoonotic Diseases in Cats
Recognising Kennel Cough Symptoms
Symptoms of kennel cough vary but are often marked by a persistent, dry, hacking cough that sounds like a honking noise, or a sensation as if something is caught in the dog’s throat. Affected dogs may cough throughout the night, disrupting sleep for both the pet and owner. Additional symptoms may include a runny nose, clear eye discharge, sneezing, and tracheal sensitivity - meaning the dog coughs if gentle pressure is applied to their trachea. While some cases of kennel cough resolve on their own, the condition can worsen, especially in puppies and senior dogs or if it involves a combination of aggressive viruses and bacteria. Severe cases may present symptoms such as lethargy, fever, loss of appetite, and laboured breathing, indicating the need for urgent veterinary attention. Dogs with these symptoms should be taken to a pet hospital in Dubai for an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment plan.Causes of Kennel Cough: Understanding the Multiple Agents
Kennel cough is rarely caused by a single pathogen; rather, it involves a combination of bacteria and viruses that target a dog’s respiratory system. Bordetella bronchiseptica is the most common bacterial culprit, often combined with viruses like canine adenovirus, parainfluenza, mycoplasma, and canine influenza virus, among others. Each of these agents can independently cause respiratory distress but are particularly potent when combined. Transmission occurs when healthy dogs inhale respiratory secretions from infected animals, usually through coughing or sneezing. It’s common in crowded, shared environments such as doggie daycare facilities, grooming salons, animal shelters, and boarding kennels. By recognising these causes, pet owners can better understand why kennel cough is so prevalent in high-density canine spaces and how to take precautions when their dogs interact with others.Diagnosing Kennel Cough
Veterinarians typically diagnose kennel cough based on observable symptoms and the dog’s recent exposure history. For cases suspected to involve pneumonia or systemic disease, further diagnostic tests are recommended. These tests may include blood work, chest X-rays, and PCR testing, which identifies the genetic material of specific pathogens. In outbreak scenarios, testing can be helpful to prevent widespread transmission. However, for most cases, a diagnosis is reached based on clinical symptoms alone, and veterinarians often focus on symptom management rather than identifying the exact pathogen. A reputable pet hospital in Dubai will conduct appropriate diagnostics to ascertain the cause of your pet’s symptoms and recommend tailored treatments.Treatment Options for Kennel Cough
Treatment varies depending on the severity of the infection. Mild cases often require supportive care, focusing on rest, proper nutrition, and hydration. Keeping the dog’s airways moist with humidified air can soothe the throat and ease coughing. A humidifier or spending time in a steam-filled bathroom can help relieve their symptoms. For some dogs, cough suppressants prescribed by a veterinarian can reduce discomfort. In more severe cases where pneumonia develops, dogs may need hospitalisation, intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and possibly oxygen therapy. Experienced vets at some of the best veterinary clinics in Dubai will decide on a personalised treatment plan based on your dog’s specific needs. For many dogs, kennel cough will subside within one to two weeks, though a full recovery may take longer if the infection is severe.Managing and Supporting Recovery from Kennel Cough
During recovery, avoid using collars for walks, as they may place pressure on the trachea and trigger coughing. Switching to a harness can alleviate this issue and make walks more comfortable. Additionally, limiting exposure to irritants such as smoke, dust, and strong cleaning products is crucial for preventing further throat irritation. Ensure that your dog has a calm and comfortable space to rest and recover, as stress can prolong the healing process. Taking these precautions at home supports a smoother recovery and lessens the chances of complications. Quarantine from other pets is also advised to minimise the risk of spreading the illness to other dogs. The right aftercare can make a significant difference in your dog’s recovery, and you can consult the best veterinary clinics in Dubai for further guidance.Preventing Kennel Cough: Vaccination and Best Practices
Vaccination is the primary preventive measure against kennel cough, particularly against Bordetella bronchiseptica, which is responsible for many cases. Dogs that frequent shared spaces like boarding kennels, dog parks, or daycare facilities should be vaccinated to reduce their risk. While vaccinations are not foolproof, they often reduce the severity of symptoms even if a vaccinated dog does contract the disease. Pet owners should also ensure that boarding facilities and groomers have proper vaccination protocols in place, protecting not just your pet but all animals in these spaces. For certain breeds, particularly brachycephalic dogs like Bulldogs and Pugs, vaccination is highly recommended due to their compromised airways. For additional protection, the canine influenza vaccine can also be considered in consultation with your vet.Additional Read: Zoonotic Diseases in Cats
